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作為宋遼夏金時期的一個王朝，西夏歷史文化有突出的特色，同時與中原文化有著內在的、緊密的聯繫。西夏參照漢字創制了民族文字西夏文，形成了很多文獻；吸納儒學，尊孔子為文宣帝；提倡漢學，實行科舉，培養人才；借鑒中原王朝法律，編纂法典，保存了最早的少數民族文字《律令》，豐富中華法系；接受中原社會習俗，存留下大批珍貴社會文書；弘揚中原印刷術，發明木活字印刷，有最早的活字印刷實物；尊崇佛教，翻譯中原大藏經，出土了數千卷佛經。西夏同時也吸收了臨近吐蕃、回鶻等民族的文化。西夏文化是中華民族優秀傳統文化的有機組成部分，對中華民族文化做出了重要貢獻。
日期：2022年3月11日
講者：史金波教授
主辦：香港孔子學院, 中國文化學系
- Subjects:
- Chinese Studies
- Keywords:
- Civilization Xi Xia Dynasty (China) History China
- Resource Type:
- Video
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Video
In this CIHK webinar, we will discuss the material conditions of and historical background to the use of Classical Chinese or Literary Sinitic in writing-mediated brush conversation between literati of Sinitic engaged in cross-border communication within Sinographic East Asia or the Sinographic cosmopolis, which corresponds with today’s China, North Korea, South Korea, Japan (including Okinawa, formerly the Ryukyu Kingdom) and Vietnam. Compared with speech as a modality of communication, real-time writing-mediated interaction between talking humans, synchronously face-to-face, seems uncommon. In any society, speaking is premised on one condition: the interlocutors must have at least one shared spoken language at their disposal, but even then, there are circumstances under which speaking is either physically not feasible or socially inappropriate. Could writing function as an alternative modality of communication when speaking is not an option due to the absence of a shared spoken language, as in cross-border communication settings? Whereas real-time writing-mediated face-to-face interaction is rare where a regional lingua franca was known to exist (e.g., Latin and Arabic), there is ample historical evidence of literati of Classical Chinese or Literary Sinitic from different parts of Sinographic East Asia conducting ‘silent conversation’, synchronously and interactively in writing mode using brush, ink, and paper. Such a pattern of writing-assisted interaction is still practiced and observable in pen-assisted conversation – pen-talk – between Chinese and Japanese speakers today, thanks to the pragma-linguistic affordance of morphographic, non-phonographic sinograms (i.e., Chinese characters and Japanese kanji). We will outline the historical spread of Classical Chinese or Sinitic texts from the ‘center’ to the ‘peripheries’, and the historical background to the acquisition of literacy in Sinitic by the people there. Their shared knowledge of Sinitic helps explain why, for well over a thousand years until the 1900s, literati from these places were able to speak their mind by engaging in ‘Sinitic brush-talk’ 漢文筆談 in cross-border communication.
Event date: 13/5/2022
Speaker: Prof. David C. S. Li
Hosted by: Confucius Institute of Hong Kong, Department of Chinese Culture
- Subjects:
- Language and Languages and Chinese Language
- Keywords:
- History China Written communication Chinese characters Chinese language -- Written Chinese East Asia
- Resource Type:
- Video
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Video
Focusing on tensions and links between national formation and international outlooks, this talk shows how classical world visions persist as China’s modernizers and revolutionaries adopted and revised the Western nation-state and cosmopolitanism. The concepts of tianxia (all under heaven) and datong (great harmony) have been updated into outlooks of global harmony that value unity, equality, and reciprocity as strategies of overcoming interstate conflict, national divides, and social fragmentation. The talk will delve into two debates: the embrace of the West vs. aspirations for a common world, and the difference between liberal cosmopolitanism and socialist internationalism.
Event date: 16/9/2022
Speaker: Prof. Ban Wang
Hosted by: Confucius Institute of Hong Kong, Department of Chinese Culture
- Subjects:
- Chinese Studies
- Keywords:
- Diplomatic relations World politics China Civilization
- Resource Type:
- Video
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Video
世界遺產「左江花山岩畫文化景觀」，綿延105公里，其中最大的單幅岩畫有8000平米。這一遺產有八個謎：何人、何時、出於什麼目的，投入如此巨大的人力物力，在懸崖峭壁之上繪製令人震撼的岩畫群？是用什麼顏料繪製千年不褪色？是怎樣畫上去的？為什麼人的圖像都是蛙形？岩畫中有數百面銅鼓，為什麼？為何這一世界遺產叫「文化景觀」？如今在廣西少數民族地區還有哪些岩畫遺風？
日期：2022年10月13日
講者：萬輔彬教授
主辦：香港孔子學院, 中國文化學系
- Subjects:
- Chinese Studies
- Keywords:
- Rock paintings China -- Zuo River Valley
- Resource Type:
- Video
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Video
古代中國幅員遼闊，習俗各異，如何實行統一管理是一大難題。秦朝用嚴刑峻法移風易俗，激起東方社會的激烈反抗，很快歸於失敗。西漢初年郡國並行，允許東方王國在一定程度上從俗而治。但王國勢力太大，危及國家的統一，文景二帝不得不收奪諸侯王的自治權。為了避免重蹈亡秦覆轍，儒生們提出“德教”主張，其中又包含“以禮為治”和“以德化民”兩種方案。受其影響，武帝以後的朝廷政策繼續表現出大幅度搖擺，至漢末魏晉才確立了基本符合當時國情的治理模式。
日期：2022年11月22日
講者：陳蘇鎮博士
主辦：香港孔子學院, 中國文化學系
- Subjects:
- Chinese Studies
- Keywords:
- Han Dynasty (China) Politics government Jin Dynasty (China : 265-419) China Public administration Qin Dynasty (China)
- Resource Type:
- Video
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Video
In this lecture, Prof. Sifakis will discuss the relevance of existing criteria for comparing human and machine intelligence and show some notable analogies and differences between scientific knowledge and that produced by neural networks. Emphasising that autonomy is an important step towards Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), he will present a characterisation of autonomous systems, and showing key differences with mental systems equipped with common sense knowledge and reasoning, and advocate challenging work directions, including the development of a new foundation for systems engineering and scientific knowledge, and the joint exploration of physical and mental phenomena that embody human intelligence.
Event date: 3/3/2023
Speaker: Prof. Joseph Sifakis
Hosted by: PolyU Academy for Interdisciplinary Research
- Subjects:
- Computing, Data Science and Artificial Intelligence
- Keywords:
- Artificial intelligence
- Resource Type:
- Video
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Video
More than one hundred years ago, Albert Einstein published his Theory of General Relativity (GR). One year later, Karl Schwarzschild solved the GR equations for a non-rotating, spherical mass distribution; if this mass is sufficiently compact, even light cannot escape from within the so-called event horizon, and there is a mass singularity at the center. The theoretical concept of a 'black hole' was born, and was refined in the next decades by work of Penrose, Wheeler, Kerr, Hawking and many others. First indirect evidence for the existence of such black holes in our Universe came from observations of compact X-ray binaries and distant luminous quasars. I will discuss the forty-year journey, which my colleagues and I have been undertaking to study the mass distribution in the Center of our Milky Way from ever more precise, long-term studies of the motions of gas and stars as test particles of the space time. These studies show the existence of a four million solar mass object, which must be a single massive black hole, beyond any reasonable doubt.
Event date: 09/02/2023
Speaker: Prof. Reinhard GENZEL
Hosted by: PolyU Academy for Interdisciplinary Research
- Subjects:
- Cosmology and Astronomy and Physics
- Keywords:
- Astrophysics Astronomy Deep space -- Milky Way Nobel Prize winners General relativity (Physics) Black holes (Astronomy)
- Resource Type:
- Video
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Video
As a recent New York Times editorial proclaimed, "The Global Order Isn't Working. It's Time for Something Different." To teach environmental history and environmental ethics is to reacquaint ourselves with the facts that we need to try to build, while there is still time, a new cooperative order that understands this: simple fact: that other people and other countries are quite literally "the air we breathe." Moreover, all who claim to be ethical persons must take seriously the notion of inter-generational equity and try to act upon it. This notion should, in theory, come more easily to countries whose traditions have built upon classical/ Confucian learning, for those traditions say that the most important marker of human behavior is working toward common ends (qun 群) while "learning what is enough" (zhi zu 知足). Put another way, many resources within the Chinese tradition may strengthen our resolve to act more constructively in less short-sighted ways.
Event Date: 14/11/2022
Speaker: Prof. Michael Nylan (University of California, Berkeley)
Hosted by: Faculty of Humanities
- Keywords:
- Environmental ethics Intergenerational relations Philosophy Confucian Confucian ethics
- Resource Type:
- Video
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Video
The notion of expertise is integral to all forms of institutional and professional practice in many domains – in education, healthcare, social welfare, law, journalism, banking, information technology, marketing, translating and interpreting services etc. It is a concept addressed by scholars across many disciplines – cognitive science, sociology, anthropology, psychology, language/communication studies, among others. There are, however, enduring problems of definition, description and measurement of expertise. Some scholars draw attention to the ongoing ‘crisis in expertise’ and others pronounce the ‘death of expertise’ in contemporary society.
More humbly, I begin with a characterisation of professional expertise very broadly to include scientific, experiential, technological, organisational, legal, ethical and communicative knowledge. This then leads me to the notion of ‘distributed expertise’, which extends beyond the individual remit and the conventional lay-expert divide. For instance, in the healthcare domain, a significant development afforded by internet-based technology is the increased level of patients’ e-health literacy and, consequently, democratisation of expertise. This amounts not only to accessing health information digitally, but also the phenomenon of patients ‘doctoring’ themselves in ‘the now of its presence’, i.e., ‘expert patients’ becoming instrumental in self-diagnosis and even self-treatment.
Additionally, ‘distributed expertise’ is also constitutive of ‘expert systems’, e.g., diagnostic and interventionist technologies as well as decision aids mediated by algorithms and templates. This is what I refer to as the technologization of expertise. I suggest that there is overreliance on ‘expert systems’ by both experts and lay persons in everyday decision making. Access to and use of ‘expert systems’ in optimal ways inevitably necessitates a reconfiguration of the very conditions and consequences of professional expertise.
Event Date: 25/11/2022
Speaker: Prof. Srikant Sarangi (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)
Hosted by: Faculty of Humanities
- Keywords:
- Information technology -- Social aspects Democratization Expertise
- Resource Type:
- Video
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Video
Professor Yigong Shi will reflect on the challenges in global higher education, based on his 37 years of learning, scientific research, and teaching experience in academia. He will present Westlake University's educational reforms in university operations, governance, talent recruitment, student development, research and academic evaluation, and interdisciplinary studies, which altogether provide new opportunities for future-oriented higher education.
Event date: 06/12/2022
Speaker: Prof. Yigong Shi
Moderator: Prof. Qingyan Chen (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)
Hosted by: PolyU Academy for Interdisciplinary Research
- Keywords:
- Educational change China Education Higher
- Resource Type:
- Video