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作為宋遼夏金時期的一個王朝,西夏歷史文化有突出的特色,同時與中原文化有著內在的、緊密的聯繫。西夏參照漢字創制了民族文字西夏文,形成了很多文獻;吸納儒學,尊孔子為文宣帝;提倡漢學,實行科舉,培養人才;借鑒中原王朝法律,編纂法典,保存了最早的少數民族文字《律令》,豐富中華法系;接受中原社會習俗,存留下大批珍貴社會文書;弘揚中原印刷術,發明木活字印刷,有最早的活字印刷實物;尊崇佛教,翻譯中原大藏經,出土了數千卷佛經。西夏同時也吸收了臨近吐蕃、回鶻等民族的文化。西夏文化是中華民族優秀傳統文化的有機組成部分,對中華民族文化做出了重要貢獻。
日期:2022年3月11日
講者:史金波教授
主辦:香港孔子學院, 中國文化學系
- Subjects:
- Chinese Studies
- Keywords:
- Civilization Xi Xia Dynasty (China) History China
- Resource Type:
- Video
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Video
古代中國幅員遼闊,習俗各異,如何實行統一管理是一大難題。秦朝用嚴刑峻法移風易俗,激起東方社會的激烈反抗,很快歸於失敗。西漢初年郡國並行,允許東方王國在一定程度上從俗而治。但王國勢力太大,危及國家的統一,文景二帝不得不收奪諸侯王的自治權。為了避免重蹈亡秦覆轍,儒生們提出“德教”主張,其中又包含“以禮為治”和“以德化民”兩種方案。受其影響,武帝以後的朝廷政策繼續表現出大幅度搖擺,至漢末魏晉才確立了基本符合當時國情的治理模式。
日期:2022年11月22日
講者:陳蘇鎮博士
主辦:香港孔子學院, 中國文化學系
- Subjects:
- Chinese Studies
- Keywords:
- Han Dynasty (China) Politics government Jin Dynasty (China : 265-419) China Public administration Qin Dynasty (China)
- Resource Type:
- Video
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Video
中國戲曲源自新石器時代的巫術儀式,經歷漢代百戲、唐代戲弄和北宋雜劇,在北宋末融匯了多種形式的演出藝術、民歌、文人曲子及多種演唱文類,發展成戲曲鼻祖「南戲」。粵劇是清代地方劇種百花齊放的產品,既保留着近乎巫術儀式的《祭白虎》,也承傳着崑曲牌子、秦腔梆子、徽劇二黃、宋明南戲和元雜劇的劇目,堪稱中國戲曲的縮影。本講座概述當代香港粵劇的傳承狀況和中國戲曲的歷史面貌,從中探討粵劇如何保留和發展傳統戲曲的元素。講座將論及粵劇神功戲的演出、《祭白虎》儀式、戲班結構、行當、劇目題材、唱腔特點和傳承。
日期:2022年2月16日
講者:陳守仁教授
主辦:香港孔子學院, 中國文化學系
- Subjects:
- Chinese Studies, Hong Kong Studies, and Performing Arts
- Keywords:
- Operas Chinese Theater China China -- Hong Kong
- Resource Type:
- Video
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Video
世界遺產「左江花山岩畫文化景觀」,綿延105公里,其中最大的單幅岩畫有8000平米。這一遺產有八個謎:何人、何時、出於什麼目的,投入如此巨大的人力物力,在懸崖峭壁之上繪製令人震撼的岩畫群?是用什麼顏料繪製千年不褪色?是怎樣畫上去的?為什麼人的圖像都是蛙形?岩畫中有數百面銅鼓,為什麼?為何這一世界遺產叫「文化景觀」?如今在廣西少數民族地區還有哪些岩畫遺風?
日期:2022年10月13日
講者:萬輔彬教授
主辦:香港孔子學院, 中國文化學系
- Subjects:
- Chinese Studies
- Keywords:
- Rock paintings China -- Zuo River Valley
- Resource Type:
- Video
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Video
In this CIHK webinar, we will discuss the material conditions of and historical background to the use of Classical Chinese or Literary Sinitic in writing-mediated brush conversation between literati of Sinitic engaged in cross-border communication within Sinographic East Asia or the Sinographic cosmopolis, which corresponds with today’s China, North Korea, South Korea, Japan (including Okinawa, formerly the Ryukyu Kingdom) and Vietnam. Compared with speech as a modality of communication, real-time writing-mediated interaction between talking humans, synchronously face-to-face, seems uncommon. In any society, speaking is premised on one condition: the interlocutors must have at least one shared spoken language at their disposal, but even then, there are circumstances under which speaking is either physically not feasible or socially inappropriate. Could writing function as an alternative modality of communication when speaking is not an option due to the absence of a shared spoken language, as in cross-border communication settings? Whereas real-time writing-mediated face-to-face interaction is rare where a regional lingua franca was known to exist (e.g., Latin and Arabic), there is ample historical evidence of literati of Classical Chinese or Literary Sinitic from different parts of Sinographic East Asia conducting ‘silent conversation’, synchronously and interactively in writing mode using brush, ink, and paper. Such a pattern of writing-assisted interaction is still practiced and observable in pen-assisted conversation – pen-talk – between Chinese and Japanese speakers today, thanks to the pragma-linguistic affordance of morphographic, non-phonographic sinograms (i.e., Chinese characters and Japanese kanji). We will outline the historical spread of Classical Chinese or Sinitic texts from the ‘center’ to the ‘peripheries’, and the historical background to the acquisition of literacy in Sinitic by the people there. Their shared knowledge of Sinitic helps explain why, for well over a thousand years until the 1900s, literati from these places were able to speak their mind by engaging in ‘Sinitic brush-talk’ 漢文筆談 in cross-border communication.
Even date: 13/5/2022
Speaker: Prof. David C. S. Li
Hosted by: Confucius Institute of Hong Kong, Department of Chinese Culture
- Subjects:
- Chinese Language and Language and Languages
- Keywords:
- Chinese characters History Chinese language -- Written Chinese Written communication China East Asia
- Resource Type:
- Video
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Video
Focusing on tensions and links between national formation and international outlooks, this talk shows how classical world visions persist as China’s modernizers and revolutionaries adopted and revised the Western nation-state and cosmopolitanism. The concepts of tianxia (all under heaven) and datong (great harmony) have been updated into outlooks of global harmony that value unity, equality, and reciprocity as strategies of overcoming interstate conflict, national divides, and social fragmentation. The talk will delve into two debates: the embrace of the West vs. aspirations for a common world, and the difference between liberal cosmopolitanism and socialist internationalism.
Even date: 16/9/2022
Speaker: Prof. Ban Wang
Hosted by: Confucius Institute of Hong Kong, Department of Chinese Culture
- Subjects:
- Chinese Studies
- Keywords:
- Civilization Diplomatic relations World politics China
- Resource Type:
- Video
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Video
Before the advent of computers around 1950, optimization centered either on small-dimensional problems solved by looking at zeroes of first derivatives and signs of second derivatives, or on infinite-dimensional problems about curves and surfaces. In both cases, "variations" were employed to understand how a local solution might be characterized. Computers changed the picture by opening the possibility of solving large-scale problems involving inequalities, instead of only equations. Inequalities had to be recognized as important because the decisions to be optimized were constrained by the need to respect many upper or lower bounds on their feasibility. A new kind of mathematical analysis, beyond traditional calculus, had to be developed to address these needs. It built first on appealing to the convexity of sets and functions, but went on to amazingly broad and successful concepts of variational geometry, subgradients, subderivatives, and variational convergence beyond just that. This talk will explain these revolutionary developments and why there were essential.
Event date: 1/11/2022
Speaker: Prof. Terry Rockafellar (University of Washington)
Hosted by: Department of Applied Mathematics
- Subjects:
- Mathematics and Statistics
- Keywords:
- Convex functions Convex sets Mathematical optimization Computer science -- Mathematics
- Resource Type:
- Video
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Video
Adaptive computation is of great importance in numerical simulations. The ideas for adaptive computations can be dated back to adaptive finite element methods in 1970s. In this talk, we shall first review some recent development for adaptive methods with some application. Then, we will propose a deep adaptive sampling method for solving PDEs where deep neural networks are utilized to approximate the solutions. In particular, we propose the failure informed PINNs (FI-PINNs), which can adaptively refine the training set with the goal of reducing the failure probability. Compared with the neural network approximation obtained with uniformly distributed collocation points, the proposed algorithms can significantly improve the accuracy, especially for low regularity and high-dimensional problems.
Event date: 18/10/2022
Speaker: Prof. Tao Tang (Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College)
Hosted by: Department of Applied Mathematics
- Subjects:
- Mathematics and Statistics
- Keywords:
- Sampling (Statistics) Differential equations Partial -- Numerical solutions Mathematical models Adaptive computing systems
- Resource Type:
- Video
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Video
We introduce a Dimension-Reduced Second-Order Method (DRSOM) for convex and nonconvex (unconstrained) optimization. Under a trust-region-like framework, our method preserves the convergence of the second-order method while using only Hessian-vector products in two directions. Moreover; the computational overhead remains comparable to the first-order such as the gradient descent method. We show that the method has a local super-linear convergence and a global convergence rate of 0(∈-3/2) to satisfy the first-order and second-order conditions under a commonly used approximated Hessian assumption. We further show that this assumption can be removed if we perform one step of the Krylov subspace method at the end of the algorithm, which makes DRSOM the first first-order-type algorithm to achieve this complexity bound. The applicability and performance of DRSOM are exhibited by various computational experiments in logistic regression, L2-Lp minimization, sensor network localization, neural network training, and policy optimization in reinforcement learning. For neural networks, our preliminary implementation seems to gain computational advantages in terms of training accuracy and iteration complexity over state-of-the-art first-order methods including SGD and ADAM. For policy optimization, our experiments show that DRSOM compares favorably with popular policy gradient methods in terms of the effectiveness and robustness.
Event date: 19/09/2022
Speaker: Prof. Yinyu Ye (Stanford University)
Hosted by: Department of Applied Mathematics
- Subjects:
- Mathematics and Statistics
- Keywords:
- Convex programming Nonconvex programming Mathematical optimization
- Resource Type:
- Video
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Video
Convex Matrix Optimization (MOP) arises in a wide variety of applications. The last three decades have seen dramatic advances in the theory and practice of matrix optimization because of its extremely powerful modeling capability. In particular, semidefinite programming (SP) and its generalizations have been widely used to model problems in applications such as combinatorial and polynomial optimization, covariance matrix estimation, matrix completion and sensor network localization. The first part of the talk will describe the primal-dual interior-point methods (IPMs) implemented in SDPT3 for solving medium scale SP, followed by inexact IPMs (with linear systems solved by iterative solvers) for large scale SDP and discussions on their inherent limitations. The second part will present algorithmic advances for solving large scale SDP based on the proximal-point or augmented Lagrangian framework In particular, we describe the design and implementation of an augmented Lagrangian based method (called SDPNAL+) for solving SDP problems with large number of linear constraints. The last part of the talk will focus on recent advances on using a combination of local search methods and convex lifting to solve low-rank factorization models of SP problems.
Event date: 11/10/2022
Speaker: Prof. Kim-Chuan Toh (National University of Singapore)
Hosted by: Department of Applied Mathematics
- Subjects:
- Mathematics and Statistics
- Keywords:
- Convex programming Semidefinite programming
- Resource Type:
- Video