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Video
Comparing initial rates to determine the order of reaction is a very common question in Kinetics.
Let's take a look at an example:
The objective is to choose a pair of experiments for comparison where the concentration of a reactant changes and ideally the concentration of other reactants remain constant. This means that any change in the initial rates of the experiments must be due to the change in the concentration of that reactant, and we can figure out the order from there.
1. Order of Reaction with respect to HCl
Comparing experiments 1 and 3, concentration of HCl doubles and there is no change in concentration of sucrose. So the change in initial rates must be due to HCl only. We can work out the change in initial rates to be 2 times. This means when concentration of HCl doubles, initial rate doubles. Therefore order of the reaction with respect to HCl will be order 1. For comparison, if order of reaction is zero, initial rate will remain unchanged when concentration of HCl doubles. If order of reaction is 2, initial rate will increase by 4 times (2^2 times) when concentration of HCl doubles. Since we only have 3 possible orders to consider, figuring out the order of reaction is quite straightforward.
2. Order of Reaction with respect to sucrose
Comparing experiments 1 and 2, concentration of sucrose increase by 1.5 times and there is no change in concentration of HCl. So the increase in initial rates by 1.5 times must be due to sucrose only. Since this is a proportionate increase, order of reaction with respect to sucrose is also order 1. Finally we can write out the rate equation for this reaction to be: rate = k [HCl][sucrose]
- Course related:
- ABCT 2701 Analytical Chemistry
- Subjects:
- Chemistry
- Keywords:
- Chemistry Physical theoretical
- Resource Type:
- Video
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e-book
"This textbook is intended for adult learners who wish to review and improve their algebra skills. The content covers all the ABE outcomes for the Algebraic Math - Advanced Level. The concepts are explained concisely, but with enough depth to provide students with the background necessary for success in college or university level mathematics. The ample number of examples and exercises makes this text a great resource for students as well as for instructors"--BCcampus website.
- Subjects:
- Mathematics and Statistics
- Keywords:
- Trigonometry Algebra Textbooks
- Resource Type:
- e-book
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e-book
"In Australia and internationally much still needs to occur to promote inclusive practices in education and society with many educators not feeling equipped to recognise or appreciate diversity or cater effectively for inclusion. With embedded audio-visual components, this open textbook is designed to enhance the quality of the reader's experience with each chapter posing key understandings underpinning inclusion and diversity. Readers are encouraged to answer questions on culture, special learning needs, varied educational contexts, gender diversity and more. The key expected outcome of this open textbook is to engage readers in making meaning of inclusion and diversity and applying their learning to their own individual contexts."--BCcampus website.
- Subjects:
- Environmental Sciences
- Keywords:
- Early childhood education Multicultural education Australia Inclusive education Educational equalization
- Resource Type:
- e-book
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e-book
"This text was written for a college-level liberal arts math class. It addresses math concepts that most people will encourter as part of their everyday life, including statistics, probablility, growth, finance, graph theory, voting systems, fair division, apportionment, and geometric symmetry and the golden ratio. Each chapter includes a set of homework questions for practice"--BCcampus website.
- Subjects:
- Mathematics and Statistics
- Keywords:
- Mathematics Social sciences -- Mathematics
- Resource Type:
- e-book
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e-book
This book is not intended for budding mathematicians. It was created for a math program in which most of the students in upper-level math classes are planning to become secondary school teachers. For such students, conventional abstract algebra texts are practically incomprehensible, both in style and in content. Faced with this situation, we decided to create a book that our students could actually read for themselves. In this way we have been able to dedicate class time to problem-solving and personal interaction rather than rehashing the same material in lecture format.
- Subjects:
- Mathematics and Statistics
- Keywords:
- Algebra Abstract Textbooks
- Resource Type:
- e-book
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e-book
Physical Geology is a comprehensive introductory text on the physical aspects of geology, including rocks and minerals, plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes, mass wasting, climate change, planetary geology and much more. It has a strong emphasis on examples from western Canada. It is adapted from "Physical Geology" written by Steven Earle for the BCcampus Open Textbook Program.
- Subjects:
- Environmental Sciences
- Keywords:
- Textbooks Physical geology
- Resource Type:
- e-book
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e-book
Introduction to Oceanography is a textbook appropriate to an introductory-level university course in oceanography. The book covers the fundamental geological, chemical, physical and biological processes in the ocean, with an emphasis on the North Atlantic region.
- Subjects:
- Environmental Sciences
- Keywords:
- Textbooks Oceanography
- Resource Type:
- e-book
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e-book
For too long the environment has been considered little more than a neutral background to history. This text surveys findings of the new field of Environmental History about how the environment of the Americas influenced the actions of people here and how people affected their environments, from prehistory to the present.
- Subjects:
- Environmental Sciences
- Keywords:
- Nature -- Effect of human beings on Lscape changes Ecology Textbooks United States Human ecology
- Resource Type:
- e-book
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e-book
This 125-page course textbook, entitled Quality Assurance & Regulatory Affairs for the Biosciences, was created by Jack O'Grady, M.S., professor at Austin Community College. This textbook accompanies the course BITC 1340: Quality Assurance for the Biosciences.
- Subjects:
- Biology
- Keywords:
- Biotechnology Textbooks
- Resource Type:
- e-book
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e-book
Labs in this book supplement the information gained in lecture, as well as providing some perspective and experience with hands-on applications of ideas in pest management. The labs are presented in week-by-week order, so the pre-labs and reading for week 1 are labeled “Pre-Lab 1” and “Week 1 Reading”. Pre-Labs are assignments to be done before lab meets, and will be due at the beginning of Lab. Complete the labs using your textbook, web resources, or the reading assigned for the week. Readings are short 1-3 page “chapters” covering background topics pertinent to the upcoming lab, particular groups of insects/arthropods, or methods used in Pest Management. This should be read before coming to Lab each week. Lab Assignments need to be printed and brought to class so that they can be completed as a group in Lab. It is sometimes helpful to read through the assignment ahead of time to get an idea of the subject matter for the week.
- Subjects:
- Laboratory Techniques and Safety and Biology
- Keywords:
- Entomology Laboratory manuals Textbooks
- Resource Type:
- e-book