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  • e-book 
    Operating Systems and Middleware: Supporting Controlled Interaction

    Operating Systems and Middleware: Supporting Controlled Interaction

    In this book, you will learn about all three kinds of interaction. In all three cases, interesting software techniques are needed in order to bring the computations into contact, yet keep them suffciently at arm's length that they don't compromise each other's reliability. The exciting challenge, then, is supporting controlled interaction. This includes support for computations that share a single computer and interact with one another, as your email and word processing programs do. It also includes support for data storage and network communication. This book describes how all these kinds of support are provided both by operating systems and by additional software layered on top of operating systems, which is known as middleware. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the text as a whole, explaining what an operating system is, what middleware is, and what sorts of support these systems provide for controlled interaction. The next nine chapters work through the varieties of controlled interac- tion that are exemplified by the scenario at the beginning of the preface: in- teraction between concurrent computations on the same system (as between your email program and your word processor), interaction across time (as between your word processor before your trip and your word processor after your trip), and interaction across space (as between your email program and your service provider's email server). The first of these three topics is controlled interaction between computa- tions operating at one time on a particular computer. Before such interaction can make sense, you need to understand how it is that a single computer can be running more than one program, such as an email program in one window and a word processing program in another. Therefore, Chapter 2 explains the fundamental mechanism for dividing a computer's attention between concurrent computations, known as threads. Chapter 3 continues with the related topic of scheduling. That is, if the computer is dividing its time between computations, it needs to decide which ones to work on at any moment. With concurrent computations explained, Chapter 4 introduces con- trolled interactions between them by explaining synchronization, which is control over the threads' relative timing. For example, this chapter explains how, when your email program sends a document to your word processor, the word processor can be constrained to read the document only after the email program writes it. One particularly important form of synchroniza- tion, atomic transactions, is the topic of Chapter 5. Atomic transactions are groups of operations that take place as an indivisible unit; they are most commonly supported by middleware, though they are also playing an increasing role in operating systems. Other than synchronization, the main way that operating systems con- trol the interaction between computations is by controlling their access to memory. Chapter 6 explains how this is achieved using the technique known as virtual memory. That chapter also explains the many other objectives this same technique can serve. Virtual memory serves as the foundation for Chapter 7's topic, which is processes. A process is the fundamental unit of computation for protected access, just as a thread is the fundamental unit of computation for concurrency. A process is a group of threads that share a protection environment; in particular, they share the same access to virtual memory. The next three chapters move outside the limitations of a single com- puter operating in a single session. First, consider the document stored before a trip and available again after it. Chapter 8 explains persistent storage mechanisms, focusing particularly on the file storage that operat- ing systems provide. Second, consider the interaction between your email program and your service provider's email server. Chapter 9 provides an overview of networking, including the services that operating systems make available to programs such as the email client and server. Chapter 10 ex- tends this discussion into the more sophisticated forms of support provided by communication middleware, such as messaging systems, RMI, and web services. Finally, Chapter 11 focuses on security. Because security is a pervasive issue, the preceding ten chapters all provide some information on it as well. Specifically, the final section of each chapter points out ways in which se- curity relates to that chapter's particular topic. However, even with that coverage distributed throughout the book, a chapter specifically on security is needed, primarily to elevate it out of technical particulars and talk about general principles and the human and organizational context surrounding the computer technology. The best way to use these chapters is in consecutive order. However, Chapter 5 can be omitted with only minor harm to Chapters 8 and 10, and Chapter 9 can be omitted if students are already suffciently familiar with networking.

    Subjects:
    Computing
    Keywords:
    Operating systems (Computers) Computer software -- Development Textbooks Middleware
    Resource Type:
    e-book
     
  • Video 
    NTU Speech Lab

    NTU Speech Lab

    This youtube playlist included the topic of deep learning for human language processing, linear algebra, deep reinforcement learning, generative adversarial network, deep learning theory, structured learning, and machine learning.

    Course related:
    LGT6801 Guided Study in Logistics I
    Subjects:
    Computing
    Keywords:
    Machine learning Natural language processing (Computer science)
    Resource Type:
    Video
     
  • e-book 
    Microeconomics: Theory Through Applications

    Microeconomics: Theory Through Applications

    Russell Cooper and Andrew John have written an economics text aimed directly at students from its very inception. You're thinking, ”Yeah, sure. I've heard that before.“ This textbook, Microeconomics: Theory Through Applications, centers around student needs and expectations through two premises: … Students are motivated to study economics if they see that it relates to their own lives. … Students learn best from an inductive approach, in which they are first confronted with a problem, and then led through the process of solving that problem. Many books claim to present economics in a way that is digestible for students; Russell and Andrew have truly created one from scratch. This textbook will assist you in increasing students' economic literacy both by developing their aptitude for economic thinking and by presenting key insights about economics that every educated individual should know. How? Russell and Andrew have done three things in this text to accomplish that goal: 1. Applications Ahead of Theory: They present all the theory that is standard in Principles books. But by beginning with applications, students get to learn why this theory is needed. The authors take the kind of material that other authors put in ”applications boxes“ and place it at the heart of their book. Each chapter is built around a particular business or policy application, such as minimum wages, the stock exchange, and auctions. Why take this approach? Traditional courses focus too much on abstract theory relative to the interests and capabilities of the average undergraduate. Students are rarely engaged and the formal theory is never integrated into the way students think about economic issues. And traditional books are organized around theoretical constructs that mean nothing to students. The authors' applications-first approach ensures that students will not see chapters with titles like ”Cost Functions“ or ”Short-Run Fluctuations“. They introduce tools and ideas as and when they are needed. Each chapter is designed with two goals. First, the application upon which the chapter is built provides a ”hook“ that gets students' attention. Second, the application is a suitable vehicle a vehicle for teaching the principles of economics. 2. Learning through Repetition: Important tools appear over and over again, allowing students to learn from repetition and to see how one framework can be useful in many different contexts. Each piece of economic theory in this text is first introduced and explained in the context of a specific application. Most are re-used in other chapters, so students see them in action on multiple occasions. As students progress through the book, they accumulate a set of techniques and ideas. These are collected separately in a ”toolkit“ that provides students with an easy reference and also gives them a condensed summary of economic principles for examination preparation. 3. A Student's Table of Contents vs. An Instructor's Table of Contents: There is no further proof that Russell and Andrew have created a book aimed specifically at educating students about economics than their two tables of contents. The Student's Table of Contents speaks to students, piquing their interest to involve them in the economics, and a Instructor's Table of Contents with the economics to better help you organize your teaching—and frankly, you don't need to get excited by economics, you already are.

    Subjects:
    Economics
    Keywords:
    Microeconomics Textbooks
    Resource Type:
    e-book
     
  • Presentation 
    Media Stream

    Media Stream

    This video was recorded at COIN / PlanetData Winter School on Knowledge Technologies for Complex Business Environments, Ljubljana 2011. Organized by COIN FP7 Integrated Project and PlanetData FP7 Network of Excellence, the school seeks to bring together students, scholars and researchers from industry in order to foster collaboration and interoperability with innovative services and project large-scale data management in business environments. The main topics of the winter school are: Interoperability and collaboration models and solutions, Enterprise interoperability and collaboration services, Innovative knowledge and semantically powered technologies, Knowledge process and context modelling, Pro-active knowledge tools, Large scale analytics and reasoning tools, Business cases and real case studies. Detailed information can be found here.

    Subjects:
    Management and Computing
    Keywords:
    Data mining Real-time data processing
    Resource Type:
    Presentation
     
    OER
  • Video 
    Marty Lobdell - Study Less Study Smart

    Marty Lobdell - Study Less Study Smart

    If you spend hours and hours of studying, without improving your grades, or information retention, then learn how to study smart by Marty Lobdell. Lobdell taught Psychology at Pierce College in Washington State for 40 years. During Lobdell's career, he has taught tens of thousands of students and he wants students to succeed. After watching students cram for eight hours or more for a test without any improvement, Lobdell has developed a studying technique that helps the brain retain the information that you are studying in this video "Study Less, Study Smart"

    Course related:
    APSS1L01 Tomorrow Leader
    Keywords:
    Study skills
    Resource Type:
    Video
     
  • Courseware 
    MIT Open Courseware - Linear Algebra

    MIT Open Courseware - Linear Algebra

    This course has been designed for independent study. It provides everything you will need to understand the concepts covered in the course. The materials include:
    A complete set of Lecture Videos by Professor Gilbert Strang.
    Summary Notes for all videos along with suggested readings in Prof. Strang’s textbook Linear Algebra.
    Problem Solving Videos on every topic taught by an experienced MIT Recitation Instructor.
    Problem Sets to do on your own with Solutions to check your answers against when you’re done.
    A selection of Java® Demonstrations to illustrate key concepts.
    A full set of Exams with Solutions, including review material to help you prepare.

    Course related:
    AMA1120 Basic Mathematics II
    Subjects:
    Mathematics and Statistics
    Keywords:
    Algebras Linear
    Resource Type:
    Courseware
     
  • Presentation 
    Linked Data and APIs

    Linked Data and APIs

    This video was recorded at COIN / PlanetData Winter School on Knowledge Technologies for Complex Business Environments, Ljubljana 2011. Organized by COIN FP7 Integrated Project and PlanetData FP7 Network of Excellence, the school seeks to bring together students, scholars and researchers from industry in order to foster collaboration and interoperability with innovative services and project large-scale data management in business environments. The main topics of the winter school are: Interoperability and collaboration models and solutions, Enterprise interoperability and collaboration services, Innovative knowledge and semantically powered technologies, Knowledge process and context modelling, Pro-active knowledge tools, Large scale analytics and reasoning tools, Business cases and real case studies.

    Subjects:
    Management and Computing
    Keywords:
    Linked data Application program interfaces (Computer software)
    Resource Type:
    Presentation
     
    OER
  • e-book 
    Introductory chemistry

    Introductory chemistry

    "The goal of this textbook is not to make you an expert. True expertise in any field is a years-long endeavor. Here I [i.e. David W. Ball] will survey some of the basic topics of chemistry. This survey should give you enough knowledge to appreciate the impact of chemistry in everyday life and, if necessary, prepare you for additional instruction in chemistry."--BCcampus website.

    Subjects:
    Chemistry
    Keywords:
    Chemistry Textbooks
    Resource Type:
    e-book
     
  • e-book 
    Introductory Chemistry

    Introductory Chemistry

    David W. Ball of Cleveland State University brings his new survey of general chemistry text, Introductory Chemistry, to the market with a fresh theme that will be sure to hold student interest: "Chemistry is Everywhere." Introductory Chemistry is intended for a one-semester introductory or preparatory chemistry course. Throughout the chapters, David presents two features that reinforce the theme of the textbook, that chemistry is everywhere. The first is the boxed feature titled, appropriately, ”Chemistry is Everywhere“. This feature takes a topic of the chapter and demonstrates how this topic shows up in everyday life. In the introductory chapter, ”Chemistry is Everywhere“ focuses on the personal hygiene products that students may use every morning: toothpaste, soap, shampoo among others. These products are chemicals, aren't they? This book explores some of the chemical reactions like the ones that give students clean and healthy teeth, and shiny hair. This feature makes it clear to students that chemistry is, indeed, everywhere, and it will promote student retention in what is sometimes considered an intimidating course. The second boxed feature focuses on chemistry that students likely indulge in every day: eating and drinking. In the ”Food and Drink App“, David discusses how the chemistry of the chapter applies to things that students eat and drink every day. Carbonated beverages depend on the behavior of gases, foods contain acids and bases, and everyone actually eats certain rocks. (Yikes!) Cooking, eating, drinking, metabolism — all chemical processes students are involved with all the time. These features allow students to see the things we interact with every day in a new light — as chemistry. Just like many of the one-semester chemistry books you may be used to, each section in David Ball's starts with one or more Learning Objectives, which list the main points of the section. Each section ends with Key Takeaways, which are reviews of the main points of the section. Each chapter is full of examples to illustrate the key points of the materials, and each example is followed with a similar ”Test Yourself“ exercise to see if the student understands the concept. Each section ends with its own set of paired exercises to practice the material from that section, and each chapter ends with a section of ”Additional Exercises“ that are more challenging or require multiple steps or skills to answer. David took the time to treat mathematical problems in Introductory Chemistry one of two ways, either as a conversion-factor problem or as a formula problem. David believes having two basic mathematical approaches (converting and formulas) allows the text to focus on the logic of the approach and not tricks or shortcuts; which speaks to the final point about Introductory Chemistry. You'll notice that David took no shortcuts with the material in this text, his inviting writing style, concise approach, consistent presentation, and interesting pedagogy have given it some of the best peer reviews we've seen at Flat World. So, order a desk copy or dive in now to see for yourself.

    Subjects:
    Chemistry
    Keywords:
    Chemistry Textbooks
    Resource Type:
    e-book
     
  • Others 
    Introduction to Petroleum Geomechanics

    Introduction to Petroleum Geomechanics

    This set of Presentations comprises an introductory course in Petroleum Geomechanics (Petroleum Rock Mechanics). The presentations start by introducing the basics of rock behaviour and design, initial conditions such as stress and temperature, and then move on to applications in areas such as borehole stability and stress changes in reservoirs. An attempt has been made to cover all of the major issues in Petroleum Geomechanics, but the materials also reflect the interests of the author to some degree.
    There are approximately 35-50 hours of lecture material, depending how it is presented, and whether there are problems presented and worked out in class by participants. The materials are suitable for 4th-year students in Petroleum Engineering, Civil Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, although the materials could be used as the basis of a late 3rd-year course providing the students have had exposure to stress and strain in earth materials such as a course in Structural and Petroleum Geology, or an introductory course in Soil Mechanics.
    As a professional short course, the materials can be presented in 35 hours, or selected modules can be added or left aside. As a courtesy, if you use these materials and develop modules of your own, develop clear problems sets, or improve these materials, please send a copy to mauriced@uwaterloo.ca, as I am always looking for better ways to present ideas and concepts.

    Subjects:
    Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics
    Keywords:
    Rock mechanics Petroleum -- Geology
    Resource Type:
    Others